International Institute of Refrigeration
Ammonia and CO2 Refrigeration Technologies
International Conference
- Ohrid 2019 -

Keynote Speakers
 

Dr Andy Pearson Dr Andy Pearson, UK,
Star Refrigeration Ltd
President of Scientific Committee
Former President of IoR UK,
Member of IIR Commission E1
"The road ahead for ammonia and
carbon dioxide refrigerants" 
Dr Predrag Hrnjak Dr Predrag Hrnjak, USA,
University of Illinois
Member of IIR Commission E2,
Former member of IIAR Board of Directors
"Packaged ammonia refrigeration units
continuously improve."
Dr Andy Pearson
Trevor Hegg, USA,
Evapco, Inc.
Vice President – Product Development
Member of IIAR Board of Directors,
"Low Charge Ammonia Packaged Refrigeration
Systems: Achieving Ultra-Reliable Operation" 
Dr Andy Pearson Kenneth Madsen, Denmark,
Advansor A/S
Business development manager,
"Transcritical CO2 application in food
retail applications worldwide, Challenges
and solutions"
Dr Andy Pearson
David Schalenbourg, Belgium,
Delhaize BeLux, (part of Ahold Delhaize)
Director Building Projects,
Format & Maintenance
"End-user perspective on transitioning
away from HFCs towards natural
refrigerants" 
   
...

Main Topics of the Conference  
 
Design of modern ammonia (NH3) systems and technological innovation
Lowering of ammonia charge in the systems; Medium and small size ammonia systems;  
Advanced design;
Factory-made units;
Compatibility of ammonia with metals and new oils.

 
Design of carbon dioxide (CO2) refrigeration and heat pump systems
Transcritical and subcritical operation;
Modifications of cycles to improve the energy efficiency;
Development of CO2 systems intended for hot climate;
Ejector as an expansion device.

New innovative components
Plate and “shell & plate” heat exchangers; DX evaporators;
Microchannel air-cooled condensers; Improved evaporative condensers;
Semi-hermetic and hermetic ammonia compressors;
High-pressure ammonia and CO2 compressors.

Energy efficiency of ammonia and CO2 refrigerating systems
Advantages of ammonia and CO2 versus fluorocarbon-based systems;
New secondary coolants; CO2 as a secondary coolant;
NH3/CO2 cascade systems.

Applications of ammonia and CO2 refrigeration
Cold stores, food and drink industries; Supermarkets; Air-conditioning systems (liquid chillers);
Heat pumps (medium and high temperature heating).

Absorption machines
Modified absorption cycles; Trigeneration and district cooling.

Ammonia and CO2 systems in developing countries
Modernisation, improvements, technical assistance, barriers.

Technical and safety issues; Guidelines and training materials
Regulations on the construction and operation of ammonia and CO2 refrigerating systems;
Education and training for: best practices, operating procedures, handling and safe operation.

Public awareness of the image and benefits of natural refrigerants
Crucial and sustainable contributions to a better environment; Barriers to market penetration;
Current and future use of natural refrigerants; Montreal Protocol and Kigali amendment, phase-down of HFCs.